Overtourism is impacting Turkish cities like Istanbul and Antalya, leading to environmental degradation and cultural strain

Türkiye, a nation straddling two continents, boasts a rich tapestry of history, culture, and natural beauty. Cities like Istanbul and Antalya have long been magnets for tourists worldwide. However, the surge in visitor numbers has brought about the pressing issue of overtourism, leading to environmental degradation, strain on local infrastructure, and cultural dilution.

The Rise of Overtourism in Türkiye

In recent years, Türkiye has witnessed a significant increase in tourist arrivals. According to the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat), the country welcomed 49.2 million foreign tourists in 2023, surpassing pre-pandemic levels by 9.3%. While this boom has bolstered the economy, it has also intensified the challenges associated with overtourism. (Türkiye’s tourism soars with a commitment to diversification)

Environmental, Economic, and Cultural Impacts

Istanbul: A City Under Pressure

Istanbul, Türkiye’s cultural and economic hub, has been at the forefront of overtourism concerns. The city’s iconic landmarks, such as the Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque, attract millions annually. However, the influx has led to overcrowding, increased pollution, and wear on historical sites. (Gezi Park)

The 2013 Gezi Park protests highlighted public discontent with urban development projects perceived to prioritise tourism over local needs. The proposed demolition of one of Istanbul’s few green spaces for a shopping mall sparked nationwide demonstrations, emphasising the tension between development and preservation. (Gezi Park protests)

Antalya: Balancing Tourism and Sustainability

Antalya, renowned for its Mediterranean beaches, has also grappled with overtourism. The city’s infrastructure has struggled to accommodate the seasonal influx, leading to water shortages and increased waste. Local ecosystems, including marine life, have been affected by unregulated tourist activities.

Government Initiatives and Sustainable Tourism

Recognizing the challenges, the Turkish government has embarked on initiatives to promote sustainable tourism. (Disquiet in a Turkish Fishing Village)

Sustainable Tourism Program

In 2022, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism launched a Sustainable Tourism Program aimed at preserving the country’s natural and cultural heritage. The programme focuses on: (Türkiye tackles overtourism challenges through sustainable initiatives – Türkiye Today)

Strengthening local economies
Developing policies to protect cultural values
Encouraging environmentally friendly projects in tourism destinations (Türkiye tackles overtourism challenges through sustainable initiatives – Türkiye Today)

The concept of “growing by shrinking” has been emphasised, advocating for increased revenue with fewer resources, thereby reducing environmental impact. (Türkiye tackles overtourism challenges through sustainable initiatives – Türkiye Today)

Diversification of Tourism

Efforts are underway to diversify tourism beyond the traditional hotspots. By promoting lesser-known regions and off-season travel, the aim is to distribute tourist numbers more evenly, alleviating pressure on overburdened cities. (Türkiye’s tourism soars with a commitment to diversification)

Community Engagement and Awareness

Local communities play a pivotal role in sustainable tourism. Engaging residents in tourism planning ensures that development aligns with community needs and preserves cultural integrity. Educational campaigns are also vital in promoting responsible tourist behaviour.

While tourism remains a cornerstone of Turkey’s economy, the challenges of overtourism necessitate a balanced approach. Through government initiatives, community engagement, and sustainable practices, Turkey aims to preserve its rich heritage for future generations while continuing to welcome visitors from around the world.